What is a supernode, and why does it matter for the China-US tech rivalry?

As the size of artificial intelligence models expands beyond 1 trillion parameters, a new concept is dominating the computing landscape: “supernode”. At this year’s World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC), China’s top AI summit, domestic chipmakers from Huawei Technologies to Biren Technology showcased new hardware designed to knit hundreds or thousands of chips together to act as one giant supercomputer, which they called a supernode. The focus on supernodes at WAIC reflected a shift in